Maxwell Frost

Deep Dive

Maxwell Alejandro Frost has represented Florida's 10th District, the Orlando seat, since January 2023. He sits on the Oversight and Government Reform Committee, where he is ranking member of its subcommittee on economic growth, energy policy and regulatory affairs, and on the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, and he is a vice chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus. Only one candidate qualified in his district this year, so Florida cancelled both the August primary and the November general election and he won a third term without appearing on a ballot.

What he would send has changed since he first ran. In the Middle East position paper he circulated during his 2022 primary he opposed putting new conditions on American military aid to the government of Israel, writing that conditions would undermine that government's ability to defend itself against the very serious threats it faces, and the same paper called that aid one of the most important parts of the foreign aid that we contribute to. Three years later he cosponsored the Block the Bombs Act, introduced on June 5, 2025 by Reps. Delia Ramirez, Sara Jacobs, Pramila Jayapal and Mark Pocan, which would withhold the transfer of offensive weapons to the government of Israel and require it to establish in writing that it is complying with United States and international law. Asked in August 2025 what had changed, he said he had once believed the conditions were already in statute and did not need enforcing, and that he now believes the law is being violated. In the same interview he said: "Because of that, we have to look at the way that we are both complicit but also encouraging the current behavior of the Netanyahu government,".

He had set out the same line in his own words a year earlier, when the House took up the standalone aid bills. In February 2024 he said the bill before the House that night included no humanitarian aid for the vulnerable people of Gaza and no money for the security of places of worship in the United States. In April 2024 he said he could not support the larger package because he was only able to justify aid for defense, not offense, and the legislation did not let him separate the two. That statement is also the clearest account of what he does support: he said the safety and security of Israel and its people is extremely important and that he continues to support a well funded defense apparatus like Iron Dome, Iron Beam and David's Sling, while asking for assurances on international law, on Rafah and on humanitarian access before the rest of the money moved.

On aid reaching Palestinians he has argued for more of it rather than less, mostly by attacking what the aid bills left out, and he has pressed the executive branch on individual Americans. In July 2025 he said the killing of Saifullah Kamel Musallet, a Palestinian-American from Florida, by Israeli settlers in the West Bank could not be ignored and called on the administration to order a State Department investigation. In October 2025 he was one of four members who led a letter to Secretary of State Marco Rubio and the ambassador to Israel asking them to secure the release of Mohammed Ibrahim, a sixteen-year-old American held in Israeli military detention.

He describes the war on both sides of the ledger. On the first anniversary of the October 7 attack he mourned the hostages and said the attack led to a devastating year long war that has killed tens of thousands and caused millions of Palestinians to suffer and be displaced. In August 2025 he said he would not defend what was happening in Gaza and that he understands why other people call it genocide, though he does not use the word himself. His statements from the weeks after the October 7 attack, his work on antisemitism, and the outside groups that score or criticise his record are on his research page.

The record

Supported sending weapons or funding in 1 of 6 tracked votes · Backs 1 of 1 tracked bills to restrict weapons transfers

The money

Checked the five lobbying groups we track; no direct 2026 support found

In their words

Peace Action (2026 endorsement) · A New Policy PAC (2026 endorsement) · Track AIPAC (2026 endorsement)

Research log

The notes behind this card: what we looked at, what we found, and where each item came from.

Every page named below was opened and read on 2026-09-16 unless the entry says otherwise. His congressional newsroom was read in full: the press release listing back to January 2023, 223 items, each searched for this subject, together with the two items in his op-eds section and the whole of his in the news section. His campaign site, his committee page, his Ballotpedia race page and the outside reports our research pointed at were read as well. Bands: Position (2024-01-26 onward), Reaction window (2023-10-07 to 2024-01-25), Earlier record (before 2023-10-07), Undated. His recorded House votes are shown as badges on this card and are not restated here; no tracked funding is recorded on this record.

U.S. military aid and weapons to the government of Israel

• [Position, 2025-06-05] The Block the Bombs Act, H.R. 3565, introduced by Reps. Delia Ramirez, Sara Jacobs, Pramila Jayapal and Mark Pocan. The release says the bill "would withhold the transfer of offensive weapons to Israel and demand Israel's compliance with U.S. and international law", that it "requires Israel's government to establish in writing the use of offensive weapons in accordance with US and International law, and it must be approved by Congress through a joint resolution", and that "It does not impact Iron Dome or Israel's ability to defend itself." Frost is named in the cosponsor list. The words quoted in the release from Ramirez, Jacobs, Jayapal, Pocan and the supporting organizations are theirs and are not used on this card.
• [Position, 2025-08-08] Jewish Insider's interview with him, by Matthew Kassel. The report says that in the paper he circulated during his first primary "Frost had rejected placing additional conditions on aid to Israel because, he wrote at the time, it would 'undermine Israel's ability to defend itself against the very serious threats it faces.'" It then records him explaining that he had also felt such measures were "already written into the law" and "we didn't really need to go further" in enforcing it at the time, and quotes him: "I do believe that the law is being violated," followed by "Because of that, we have to look at the way that we are both complicit but also encouraging the current behavior of the Netanyahu government,". The report states that the interview took place on a Wednesday and the article carries article:published_time 2025-08-08T07:17:37+00:00. The words quoted in the same article from Brian Romick of Democratic Majority for Israel, from unnamed Jewish community leaders and from an unnamed activist are theirs and are not used on this card.
• [Position, 2024-04-20] His statement on H.R. 8034, the Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, printed in full on his own site. He said the bill "falls short of what we need to bring an end to Netanyahu's seemingly endless war in Gaza that has claimed the lives of countless innocent Palestinian civilians and brought us no closer to the return of innocent Israeli hostages being held by Hamas" and that he would vote no. He said: "The safety and security of Israel and its people is extremely important, and I continue to support a well-funded defense apparatus like Iron Dome, Iron Beam, and David's Sling." He set out four conditions he said were missing, on international law, on Rafah, on humanitarian aid and on de-escalation, and said: "today, I am only able to justify aid for defense, not offense, and this legislation did not allow me to separate the two." He added: "I cannot in good conscience support a bill that will send offensive aid to support Netanyahu's war at a time where over a million people are on the brink of famine, the hostages remain in danger, and tens of thousands of innocent civilians have been killed, while there has been no indication that a change in course is near." And: "I fear that our support of offensive aid today greenlights further escalations in the region and the continued massive loss of innocent Palestinian life."
• [Position, 2024-02-06] His statement on H.R. 7217, the standalone Israel supplemental. He said he was "disgusted by Congressional Republicans' ability to treat our allies and innocent civilians caught in the crossfires of war as human collateral in a political game", and that the bill "included no humanitarian aid for the vulnerable people of Gaza, included no mention of support for our Ukrainian allies desperately in need of help as they fight off communist Russia and Vladimir Putin, and it included no funding for the security of places of worship across our country that are under constant threat of violence as anti-semitic and anti-muslim rhetoric dangerously continue to rise."
• [Earlier record, 2022-08-29] Middle East Eye's report on his first primary quotes the same position paper: "In that paper, Frost says US military aid to Israel is 'one of the most important parts of the foreign aid that we contribute to'." The report also says the paper called the boycott movement "extremely problematic" and says his campaign told Jewish Insider that he consulted a range of individuals and organizations while writing it, including Democratic Majority for Israel, a group that supports United States military aid to the government of Israel. The rest of the report is Florida organizers describing their falling out with him; those are other people's words and are not used on this card.
• [Earlier record, 2024-02-14] A report then published by NOTUS and now carried at washingtonsun.com, by Claire Heddles says that early in 2023 he "took two votes in support of Israel - in April, reaffirming $38 billion in U.S. aid to Israel over a decade through 2028, and in July, on a resolution stating that Israel is not an apartheid state." Those two roll calls are not among the votes this site tracks, the report is a third party's account of them, and nothing is built on it here. The address our research supplied, at notus.org, redirects to the new host.
• Nothing located in which he speaks about the recorded votes of 2025 and 2026 that appear as badges on this card, and nothing located from 2026 on this subject at all.

U.S. aid to Palestinians

• [Position, 2024-02-06] In the H.R. 7217 statement above, the first thing he says is wrong with the bill is that it "included no humanitarian aid for the vulnerable people of Gaza". This is the clearest thing he has said about American aid reaching Palestinians.
• [Position, 2024-04-20] In the H.R. 8034 statement above, one of the four assurances he says he needed was that the Israeli government "will do more to facilitate humanitarian aid".
• [Position, 2025-07-15] His statement on the killing of Saifullah Kamel Musallet, a Palestinian-American from Florida killed by Israeli settlers in the West Bank. He said: "The horrific and cold-blooded murder of an American citizen by Israeli settlers in the West Bank cannot be ignored." And: "The loss of his life serves as a stark reminder of the pain, suffering, and conflict ongoing in the West Bank and Gaza." He called on the President to "direct the Department of State to conduct a thorough investigation and, more importantly, to demand full justice and accountability for those responsible".
• [Position, 2025-10-22] The Guardian's report of a letter from 27 members of Congress to Secretary of State Marco Rubio and the United States ambassador to Israel, by Joseph Gedeon, asking them to secure the release of Mohammed Ibrahim, a sixteen-year-old dual Palestinian-American citizen from Florida held in Israeli military detention since February 2025. The report names the letter as "led by senators Chris Van Hollen and Jeff Merkley and representatives Kathy Castor and Maxwell Frost" and quotes the letter itself, not him: "We share that view and urge you to fulfill this responsibility by engaging the Israeli government directly to secure the swift release of this American boy." A collective letter supports only the collective wording, and it is recorded here as such.
• Nothing located in which he speaks about the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, about the Taylor Force Act, or about the aid pipeline into Gaza itself.

Characterization of the conflict

• [Position, 2024-10-07] His statement on the first anniversary of the October 7 attack. He said the anniversary "weighs heavy on my heart", named "the largest loss of Jewish life since the Holocaust", and said: "Hostages are still not home with their families, and we cannot stop working till they are home." He also said: "The horrific attack on October 7th led to the start of a devastating year-long war that has killed tens of thousands and caused millions of Palestinians to suffer and be displaced." And: "Today, let us reflect on our pain but remind ourselves of our collective responsibility to push for a ceasefire, hostages returning home, establish a lasting peace, and seek healing for those so devastatingly impacted." His office's own introduction to the statement records more than 1,200 Israeli deaths, nearly 100 hostages still held, and more than 40,000 people killed in Gaza.
• [Position, 2025-08-08] In the Jewish Insider interview above he described the Israeli government's conduct in Gaza as "completely unacceptable" and "abhorrent", said the conflict had become a "war on innocent people" resulting in "massive loss of innocent life", and said of the word genocide: "I'm not going to sit here and defend what is going on right now in any way, shape or form," and then "I understand why people use that word. But when we see what's going on, it's hard to find the words for it." The report says he condemned Hamas and said it should have no role in rebuilding postwar Gaza. He also said: "For me, the North Star here is having a two-state solution, and everything, all the decisions we make, have to point to that," and "The thing I have in mind is the safety and security of everybody, of Israel, of Palestinians - of everybody."
• [Position, 2024-02-06] In the H.R. 7217 statement above: "I continue to believe in a two-state solution for both the Israeli and Palestinian people and believe any aid package must support this mission for lasting peace."
• [Reaction window, 2023-10-17] His statement on violence in Gaza. Not on the card summary; recorded here with its date.
• [Reaction window, 2023-10-16] His cosponsorship of H.Res. 786, the resolution calling for an immediate de-escalation and ceasefire, recorded with that date by AJP Action's scorecard. Not on the card summary; recorded here with its date. The Win Without War tracker our research also cited for it does not open here and is listed below.
• [Position, 2025-07 or 2025-08; the letter itself was not read] The Jewish Insider report above says he signed a letter led by Rep. Ro Khanna urging the Trump administration to recognise a Palestinian state, and that the letter said such a state "will need to fully recognize Israel" and guarantee "the disarmament of and relinquishing of power by Hamas". Recognition of a state is not a question about what the United States sends, funds or withholds, so nothing is built on it; the letter's own date is not given in the report.

Israel-related rhetoric and lobbying

• [Position, 2025-08-08] The Jewish Insider report above records that Democratic Majority for Israel, a group that campaigns for continued United States military aid to the government of Israel, "had provided input on Frost's position paper during his primary" and has since become dissatisfied with him, and that its president Brian Romick objected to the Palestinian statehood letter. Those are the group's words about him and are not used on this card. The same report says he has not identified as a member of the group of progressive House Democrats known as the Squad.
• [Earlier record, 2024-02-14] The report now at washingtonsun.com says that as of February 2024 he had not been targeted by the American Israel Public Affairs Committee or its affiliated super political action committees, and that J Street, a group that supports United States aid to the government of Israel while opposing the occupation of the West Bank, had not endorsed him. The same report says a super political action committee funded by Sam Bankman-Fried spent $1 million supporting him before his first primary, but gives the year as 2020 in two places and carries an editor's note saying that passage was revised; his first congressional primary was in August 2022. Because the source contradicts itself on the date, nothing is written from it.
• [Undated; read 2026-09-16] AJP Action, the political arm of Americans for Justice in Palestine, scores him at 66 percent on its Democratic scorecard and marks him as having called for a ceasefire. An advocacy scorecard is not the candidate's own words and the roll calls behind it are shown as badges on this card, so it is recorded here and used for nothing else.
• No tracked funding of any kind is recorded on this record.

Safety and antisemitism (context, not an answer to what America sends)

• [Position, 2025-12-17] The Jerusalem Post's report of the Antisemitism Response and Prevention Act names him as one of four members who introduced it, with Reps. Jerry Nadler, Rosa DeLauro and Becca Balint. J Street's page supporting the bill also names him.
• [Undated; read 2026-09-16] His own committee page lists him as a member of the Bipartisan Task Force on Combating Anti-Semitism.
• [Reaction window, 2023-11-07] His statement on H.Res. 798. Not on the card summary; recorded here with its date.
• [Reaction window, 2023-12-05] His statement on H.Res. 894. Not on the card summary; recorded here with its date.
• [Reaction window, 2023-12-13] His statement on H.Res. 927. Not on the card summary; recorded here with its date.
• [Reaction window, 2023-12-14] His statement on the annual defense authorization bill, which does not mention Israel or Gaza. Not on the card summary; recorded here with its date.
• [Reaction window, December 2023] The report now at washingtonsun.com says he signed a letter that month urging the administration to do more to stop settler violence against Palestinians in the West Bank. Not on the card summary; recorded here with its date.

What his campaign site and his own pages say

• [Position; the pages are undated and were read 2026-09-16] His campaign site has four sections, Organize, Fellowships, Store and Contribute, and one biography page. It carries the line "I don't take corporate pac money" above a donation form. Israel, Gaza, Palestinians, foreign policy and foreign aid appear nowhere on it; the biography is about gun violence, Medicare for All, criminal justice and climate.
• [Undated; read 2026-09-16] His committee and caucus page: Oversight and Government Reform, where he is ranking member of the Subcommittee on Economic Growth, Energy Policy, and Regulatory Affairs and a member of the Subcommittee on Government Operations and the Federal Workforce; Transportation and Infrastructure; co-chair of the House Democratic Policy and Communications Committee; vice chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus.
• His newsroom carries 223 press releases, two op-eds and a page of outside coverage. Seven of the press releases are about this subject and all seven are on this page. The two op-eds, on book bans and on Florida politics, are not.

The race

• [Read 2026-09-16] Ballotpedia's page for the 2026 election in Florida's 10th District: "The general election was canceled. Maxwell Alejandro Frost (D) won without appearing on the ballot." The page records the filing deadline as June 12, 2026, says the August 18 primary and the November 3 general election "were canceled after only one candidate qualified for the ballot", and lists Brent Lawhon, of no party, as withdrawn or disqualified. It gives his campaign receipts as $3,474,867 as of July 29, 2026, and the four rating outlets it carries all called the seat safe or solid Democratic. In 2024 he defeated Willie Montague in this seat.

Places that could not be read, so nothing is claimed from them

• The Tampa Bay Times report of September 7, 2026 on donations from the American Israel Public Affairs Committee to Florida candidates, at https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/elections/2026/09/07/aipac-florida-donations-congress-senate/ . The headline, the byline and the date load; the body of the article does not open, so whether it says anything about him is unknown.
• congress.gov, at https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/3565/cosponsors and https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-resolution/786/cosponsors , which could not be opened on 2026-09-16. The cosponsor list on the sponsoring member's own release was read instead.
• https://www.imeupolicyproject.org/newsletters/lawmakers-call-on-trump-admin-to-free-mohammed-ibrahim-from-israeli-detention , which our research cited for the Mohammed Ibrahim letter and which returns nothing here. The Guardian's report of the same letter was read instead.
• https://winwithoutwar.org/congress-ceasefire/ , the ceasefire tracker our research cited for his October 2023 cosponsorship. It could not be opened on 2026-09-16, so its address is printed rather than linked and nothing is claimed from it; the cosponsorship date above comes from a different page.
• His accounts on X, Facebook, Instagram, BlueSky and Threads, linked from his congressional site. They were not read and nothing is claimed from them.
• https://www.maxwellfrost.com/ is a different Maxwell Frost, a marketing consultant, and has nothing to do with this candidate. It is named here so that the next reader does not mistake it for his campaign site.

Not on the card, and why

• His statement on violence in Gaza of October 17, 2023, his cosponsorship of the ceasefire resolution on October 16, 2023, his statements on H.Res. 798 of November 7, 2023, on H.Res. 894 of December 5, 2023, on H.Res. 927 of December 13, 2023 and on the defense authorization bill of December 14, 2023, and the settler violence letter of December 2023: all fall in the weeks this site keeps to the research page. They are above with their dates.
• The Ro Khanna letter on recognising a Palestinian state, and the two resolutions of 2023 that a news report says he voted for: recognition and characterization resolutions are not about what the United States sends, funds or withholds, and the report's account of the votes is a third party's.
• The advocacy scorecard, the endorsement and non-endorsement material, and the super political action committee spending: none of it is a statement by him, and the one spending claim contradicts itself on the date.
• The words of Reps. Delia Ramirez, Sara Jacobs, Pramila Jayapal, Mark Pocan, Jerry Nadler, Rosa DeLauro and Becca Balint, of Brian Romick of Democratic Majority for Israel, of the Florida organizers quoted by Middle East Eye and of the anonymous community leaders quoted by Jewish Insider: other people's words. Only his own are used.
• The gun violence, immigration, housing, transport, Epstein oversight and detention material that fills most of his newsroom: out of scope. It is named here so the reader can see what the rest of the record covers.
• The recorded votes: they are shown as badges on this card and no roll call is narrated in the prose.

Sources retrieved for this card (address; opened or could not open; date)

• https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases and all 223 items it lists from January 2023 to September 2026 (opened; 2026-09-16)
• https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-on-hr-8034 (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2024-04-20)
• https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-hr-7217 (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2024-02-06)
• https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-on-one-year-anniversary-of-hamas-led-attack-on-israel (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2024-10-07)
• https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-on-the-murder-of-saifullah-kamel-musallet (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2025-07-15)
• https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-violence-gaza , https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-hres-798 , https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-hres-894 , https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-hres-927 and https://frost.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-maxwell-frost-statement-national-defense-authorization-act-0 (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2023-10-17, 2023-11-07, 2023-12-05, 2023-12-13 and 2023-12-14)
• https://frost.house.gov/media/op-eds and https://frost.house.gov/media/in-the-news (opened; 2026-09-16; nothing in scope in either)
• https://frost.house.gov/about/committees-and-caucuses (opened; 2026-09-16)
• https://ramirez.house.gov/media/press-releases/ramirez-jacobs-jayapal-pocan-18-members-congress-introduce-legislation (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2025-06-05)
• https://jewishinsider.com/2025/08/maxwell-frost-florida-democrat-jewish-leaders-israel-gaza-war-netanyahu/ (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2025-08-08)
• https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/oct/22/democrats-demand-release-mohammed-ibrahim (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2025-10-22)
• https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/how-florida-progressive-maxwell-frost-abandoned-palestine (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2022-08-29)
• https://www.washingtonsun.com/congress/gen-z-biden-gaza-max-frost (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2024-02-14; the notus.org address our research gave redirects here)
• https://www.jpost.com/american-politics/article-880740 (opened; 2026-09-16; published 2025-12-18)
• https://act.jstreet.org/sign/antisemitism_response_and_prevention_act_socials/ (opened; 2026-09-16)
• https://ajpaction.org/democratic-scorecard/maxwell-frost/ (opened; 2026-09-16)
• https://www.frostforcongress.com/ (opened; 2026-09-16)
• https://ballotpedia.org/Florida%27s_10th_Congressional_District_election,_2026 (opened; 2026-09-16)
• https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/elections/2026/09/07/aipac-florida-donations-congress-senate/ , https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/3565/cosponsors , https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-resolution/786/cosponsors , https://winwithoutwar.org/congress-ceasefire/ and https://www.imeupolicyproject.org/newsletters/lawmakers-call-on-trump-admin-to-free-mohammed-ibrahim-from-israeli-detention (could not open; 2026-09-16)
• This is a record of what was checked on 2026-09-16, not a claim that no other statement exists.